The Calamities of Consensus
When it is time for groups to reach a decision, many turn to consensus. Consensus, a situation of agreement, seems like a good idea. To achieve consensus, groups must cooperate and collaborate, which ultimately will produce higher levels of camaraderie and trust. In addition, if everyone agrees, then the prevailing wisdom is that everyone will be more committed to the decision.
However, there are times when the need for consensus can be detrimental to group functioning. Consider the recent ‘fiscal cliff’ faced by the U.S. government toward the end of 2012. The White House and Congress needed to reach a deal that would reduce the swelling budget deficit. However, many Republicans and Democrats stuck to their party lines, refusing to compromise. Many viewed the end product that achieved consensus as a less than optimal solution. The public gave Congress an approval rating of only 13 percent, expressing frustration with the lack of compromise, but the group may not have been able to function well partly because of the need for consensus.
If consensus is reached, does that mean the decision is the right one? Critics of consensus-based methods argue that any decisions that are ultimately reached are inferior to decisions using other methods such as voting or having team members provide input to their leader, who then makes the final decision. Critics also argue that, because of pressures to conform, groupthink is much more likely, and decisions reached through consensus are simply those that are disliked the least by everyone.
Sources: D. Leonhardt, “When the Crowd Isn’t Wise,” The New York Times (July 8, 2012), p. SR BW 4; and K. Jensen, “Consensus Is Poison! Who’s With Me?” Forbes (May 20, 2013), downloaded on May 30, 2013, from www.forbes.com (Links to an external site.).
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